Simon Anholt, the British policy advisor and author, is credited as the pioneer of this field, and he first used the term “nation branding” in 1996 and published it in 1998 in an article titled “Nation brands of the twenty-first century” in the Journal of Brand Management. In December 2009, Anholt was awarded the Nobels Colloquia Prize for Leadership in Economics and Management – judged by a committee of ten Nobel Laureates in Economics – “for his pioneering work on understanding and managing the identity and image of nations, cities and regions; and the impact of reputation on their prosperity and competitiveness.”