In “Currents and Counter-Currents in Medical Science,” Oliver Wendell Holmes presents a compelling critique of medical practices and philosophies prevailing in the 19th century. Employing a blend of personal anecdotes, scientific observation, and incisive wit, Holmes navigates the contentious debates surrounding medical knowledge, particularly focusing on the tension between established norms and emerging ideas. The text serves not only as a reflection of the evolving landscape of medical science but also highlights the limitations of contemporary understanding and the need for critical evaluation within the field, capturing the era's intellectual spirit vividly. Holmes, an esteemed physician, poet, and one of the most prominent figures of the American Renaissance, brings a unique perspective shaped by his experiences in both medicine and literature. His background in both the arts and sciences enables him to approach medical discourse with a discerning eye, illuminating the philosophical underpinnings of medical practices and championing a more empirical approach to healthcare that echoes the burgeoning scientific advancements of his time. This book is highly recommended for anyone interested in the history of medical science, as it not only provides a thorough examination of the contrasts in medical thought but also demonstrates Holmes's literary prowess. Readers will find themselves engaged in thoughtful reflection on the state of medicine and the importance of skepticism and inquiry in the quest for knowledge.