In “On Naval Timber and Arboriculture,” Patrick Matthew presents a pioneering examination of the forestry industry, particularly focusing on the cultivation and management of trees vital for shipbuilding. Written in 1831, this seminal work combines meticulous scientific observation with practical advice on arboriculture, stemming from Matthew's own experiences as both a naturalist and a landowner. His literary style is characterized by a clear, instructional tone, enriched with empirical data that illuminates the ecological and economic principles underpinning timber production. Set against the backdrop of the Industrial Revolution, Matthew's treatise also prefigures modern sustainability debates, as he champions responsible forestry practices that align with the needs of burgeoning naval demands. Patrick Matthew, a Scottish landowner and horticulturist, possessed a deep understanding of both agricultural practices and natural history. His unique position'Äîintersecting the worlds of science and practical land management'Äîcompelled him to address the pressing issues surrounding timber supply for the British naval fleet. Matthew'Äôs insights were informed by British naval needs during a time of maritime competition, and he was notably ahead of his time in advocating for a sustainable approach to natural resource management. I wholeheartedly recommend “On Naval Timber and Arboriculture” to scholars of environmental science, maritime history, and forestry. Matthew'Äôs perspicacious insights not only illuminate the intricacies of timber management but also encourage contemporary readers to reflect on sustainable practices in today'Äôs ecological context. This book stands as a crucial historical document that fosters an appreciation for the balance between nature and industry.